Tourism businesses are increasingly grappling with the effects of climate change, as new data shows a sharp rise in extreme weather events across South Africa.
According to the South African Weather Service, the country has experienced increasing temperature extremes, with multiple weather stations recording record highs and more frequent heatwave warnings in recent years.
This trend is reflected in broader research. A 2026 climate and health report found that South Africans experienced an average of 13 heatwave days in 2024, with the majority attributed to climate change.
At the same time, the country remains highly vulnerable to multiple climate hazards, including floods, droughts, storms, and wildfires, all of which are becoming more frequent and severe.
For tourism operators, these shifts are no longer theoretical. Gopolang Makgotho, co-CEO of Calvino’s Shuttle Services, said extreme weather events are already disrupting operations and revenue.
“Floods and heavy rains often damage roads, leading to delays or cancellations of trips,” said Makgotho. “Heatwaves also put strain on vehicles and increase fuel consumption, while drought conditions reduce tourist activity in certain destinations.”
Recent events highlight the scale of the challenge. In 2025, severe flooding in the Eastern Cape claimed more than 100 lives and displaced thousands, while damaging key infrastructure, including roads and tourism facilities.
Climate scientists warn that such events are intensifying. A 2026 attribution study found that extreme rainfall events in southern Africa have become about 40% more intense due to climate change.
Operational strain and shifting demand
In the hospitality sector, Khosi Mthalane, CEO of Hotel 247, said climate variability is affecting both costs and consumer behaviour.
“Periods of drought and water restrictions have influenced guest behaviour, particularly among international tourists who are more conscious of sustainability issues,” she said.
“Unexpected weather patterns such as heavy rains or heatwaves can disrupt travel plans, leading to cancellations or reduced occupancy.” She added that infrastructure maintenance costs are rising due to weather-related damage, placing additional pressure on already constrained SME budgets.
Adaptation efforts gain momentum
In response, tourism businesses are beginning to integrate climate resilience into their operations.
Makgotho said Calvino’s Shuttle Services has adjusted routes to avoid flood-prone areas, increased vehicle maintenance, and trained staff to manage disruptions more effectively.
Hotel 247 has implemented water-saving measures and energy-efficient systems, while adopting more flexible booking policies to accommodate climate-related travel disruptions. Mthalane said sustainability is becoming a competitive differentiator.
“We are also educating guests about responsible tourism practices and positioning our offering as environmentally responsible,” she said.
Support gaps persist
Despite these efforts, operators say adaptation remains costly and difficult without systemic support.
Makgotho pointed to the need for improved infrastructure, particularly road networks and drainage systems, to reduce the impact of flooding. She also highlighted the importance of access to climate data and early warning systems, noting that timely weather information is critical for planning.
Mthalane echoed calls for financial support, saying SMEs need incentives to invest in sustainable infrastructure and technologies. “There is also a need for stronger collaboration between government and industry stakeholders to develop clear guidelines and support systems,” she said.
Growing urgency for a coordinated response
With climate change increasing the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, stakeholders warn that tourism SMEs face escalating risks.
Without targeted interventions, these businesses, many of which operate on thin margins, could struggle to remain viable in an increasingly volatile environment.
However, industry players remain cautiously optimistic that with the right mix of infrastructure investment, financial support, and climate intelligence, the sector can adapt.
“With the right support, tourism SMEs can continue to thrive while contributing positively to climate resilience,” said Makgotho.
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